Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram Pattern of Wound Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background and aim Wound infection constitutes a major barrier to healing and can have a harmful effect on the patient's quality of life and also on the healing rate of the wound. The widespread use of antibiotics, along with their extensive history of availability, has resulted in significant issues with resistant organisms contributing to morbidity and mortality. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bacterial species obtained from the wound sample and its antibiotic resistance pattern. Materials and methods The cross-sectional observational study was conducted from November 2022 to November 2023 in a tertiary care hospital in Karad. 100 clinical samples of wound swabs and pus were studied. The isolates from these clinical samples were further processed as per the standard prescribed for the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results  Out of 100 isolates, 75 were gram-negative and 25 gram-positive. Among the gram-negative isolates, the predominantly isolated organism was Klebsiella spp. 20(26.66%), and gram-positive bacteria was mainly Staphylococcus aureus (23, 92%). Most of the isolates showed sensitivity to vancomycin (20, 86.95%) and resistance to penicillin (18, 78.26%). Klebsiella spp. (20, 26.66%) was mostly sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam (7, 50%), and resistance was seen to ampicillin (12, 85.71%). Conclusion This study showed that Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial isolate causing wound infection, followed by Klebsiella spp. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that vancomycin was effective, followed by tetracycline for Staphylococcus aureus and piperacillin/tazobactam, and tigecycline was effective for Klebsiella spp.