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Related Concept Videos

Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and...
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Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
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Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
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The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

A Cross-Disciplinary and Multi-Modal Experimental Design for Studying Near-Real-Time Authentic Examination Experiences
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What just happened? Ethnography as audit.

Daniel Miller1

  • 1Anthropology, University College London, London, UK.

Anthropology & Medicine
|November 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Ethnographic studies often audit past events. This special issue examines unintended consequences of digital health interventions, their expected outcomes, and the crucial role of context.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Anthropology
  • Digital Health
  • Qualitative Research

Background:

  • Ethnographic research publication often results in retrospective analysis.
  • Digital health interventions present unique challenges for ethnographic evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the outcomes of digital health interventions through an ethnographic lens.
  • To explore both anticipated and unanticipated consequences of these technologies.
  • To highlight the significance of contextual factors in shaping intervention impacts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective ethnographic analysis.
  • Auditing of envisaged and unenvisaged consequences.
  • Contextual analysis of intervention outcomes.
Keywords:
auditconsequencescontextethnography

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

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Main Results:

  • Ethnographic publication serves as an audit of past events.
  • Digital health interventions have both foreseen and unforeseen consequences.
  • Context is a critical determinant of intervention outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Ethnography provides a valuable framework for auditing digital health interventions.
  • Understanding context is essential for interpreting intervention success or failure.
  • Future research should integrate contextual analysis into digital health evaluations.