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Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses
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Carbon Mineralization in Fractured Mafic and Ultramafic Rocks: A Review.

H Nisbet1, G Buscarnera2, J W Carey1

  • 1Earth and Environmental Sciences Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA.

Reviews of Geophysics (Washington, D.C. : 1985)
|November 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mineral carbon storage in mafic and ultramafic rocks offers permanent CO2 reduction. Further research is needed to scale up pilot projects and understand CO2 mineralization in fractures for climate crisis mitigation.

Keywords:
CO2 storagecarbon mineralizationfracturesgeochemistrygeomechanicssequestration

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Area of Science:

  • Geosciences
  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Mineral carbon storage in mafic and ultramafic rocks is a promising method for permanent anthropogenic CO2 sequestration.
  • Pilot projects demonstrate rapid CO2 sequestration in basaltic rocks, but scalability and long-term feasibility remain unquantified.
  • CO2 mineralization in ultramafic rocks, crucial for climate change mitigation, requires further investigation, especially concerning fracture influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the successes and limitations of current CO2 mineralization pilot tests.
  • To discuss laboratory experiments on geochemical and geomechanical reactions during CO2 mineralization in fractures.
  • To highlight modeling advances for predicting CO2 storage potential in mafic and ultramafic rocks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of completed and ongoing CO2 mineralization pilot projects.
  • Analysis of laboratory experiments focusing on geochemical and geomechanical reactions in fractures.
  • Evaluation of current modeling techniques for CO2 sequestration prediction.

Main Results:

  • Pilot projects show potential but are limited in scale and duration.
  • Laboratory studies provide insights into complex reactions but are constrained by time and scale.
  • Modeling techniques are essential for bridging the gap between experimental and field-scale predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Scaling up CO2 mineralization in mafic and ultramafic rocks requires addressing limitations in current pilot projects.
  • Understanding fracture dynamics is critical for accurate CO2 storage potential assessment.
  • Advanced modeling is key to predicting the long-term feasibility of large-scale mineral carbon storage.