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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

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Pleomorphic Giant Cell Carcinoma and Periurethral Abscess: A Case Report.

Farhan Jarral1, Guleed Mohamed2, Anand Mohan3

  • 1Urology, Doncaster Royal Infirmary, Doncaster, GBR.

Cureus
|November 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This case report highlights a rare, aggressive prostate cancer variant, pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma (PGCC), presenting as a recurrent abscess in a patient with a history of prostate cancer (PCa). Early suspicion and multidisciplinary management are crucial for this aggressive malignancy.

Keywords:
oncologypathologysarcomatoid carcinomaurethral diseaseurological cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Uropathology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common male malignancy in the UK.
  • Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma (PGCC) is a rare, aggressive variant of prostate adenocarcinoma.
  • PGCC is linked to poor prognosis and high Gleason grades, often in treated PCa patients.

Observation:

  • A 78-year-old male with a history of treated PCa presented with a periurethral abscess.
  • Recurrent symptoms despite initial treatment prompted further investigation.
  • Histopathological analysis confirmed PGCC.

Findings:

  • PGCC can mimic other conditions, such as abscesses, in patients with a history of PCa.
  • Recurrent abscesses in treated PCa patients warrant consideration of rare malignancies.
  • This case emphasizes the diagnostic challenge of PGCC.

Implications:

  • Heightened clinical awareness of PGCC is necessary for prompt diagnosis.
  • Early suspicion and comprehensive investigation are vital for effective management.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for complex PGCC cases.