Wearable Electrochemical Biosensors for Advanced Healthcare Monitoring

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Wearable electrochemical biosensors are advancing personalized, real-time healthcare.
• Beyond glucose monitoring, these sensors detect diverse biomarkers for disease management.
• Continuous on-body detection is crucial for preventive medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent innovations in wearable electrochemical biosensor design and manufacturing.
• To highlight applications in detecting various biomarkers across different biofluids.
• To discuss challenges and future opportunities in the field.

Main Methods:

• Examination of innovations in biorecognition elements, signal transduction, and electrode materials.
• Review of fabrication techniques for biosensing platforms.
• Analysis of applications in detecting small molecules, hormones, drugs, and macromolecules.

Main Results:

• Expanded applications in detecting diverse analytes in interstitial fluid, sweat, saliva, and tears.
• Integration of multi-sensory capabilities, closed-loop control, and improved power supplies.
• Identification of challenges including biocompatibility, biofouling, and sensor degradation.

Conclusions:

• Wearable electrochemical biosensors are crucial for advanced diagnostics and personalized healthcare.
• Materials science, nanotechnology, and AI offer solutions to current sensor limitations.
• Continued innovation promises enhanced performance and broader clinical adoption.