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Exploring the Relationship of Paediatric Nutritional Status with Diarrhoeal Disease in Children Below Two Years of

Asif Khaliq1, Smita Nambiar-Mann2, Yvette D Miller1

  • 1School of Public Health & Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4059, Australia.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Paediatric malnutrition, including coexisting forms, significantly increases diarrhoea risk in young Pakistani children. Improving socioeconomic status, maternal education, and breastfeeding practices can reduce this burden.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Paediatric Nutrition
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Paediatric malnutrition and diarrhoea share a synergistic relationship, impacting child health outcomes.
  • While standalone malnutrition is linked to diarrhoea, the association with coexisting forms of malnutrition (CFM) remains understudied.
  • Diarrhoea significantly increases illness duration, hospital stays, morbidity, and mortality in malnourished children under two.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between coexisting forms of malnutrition (CFM) and diarrhoea in Pakistani children.
  • To investigate the relationship between standalone and CFM and the prevalence of diarrhoeal diseases.
  • To identify factors influencing the risk of diarrhoea in young children.

Main Methods:

  • A pooled analysis of data from Pakistan Demographic & Health Surveys (PDHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) from 2010-2018.
  • Analysis included 70,723 children under two years of age, with exclusions for incomplete anthropometry and outliers.
  • Statistical methods were employed to determine the association between malnutrition types and diarrhoea, controlling for relevant variables.

Main Results:

  • Over half of Pakistani children aged 0-23.9 months experienced diarrhoea, malnutrition, or both.
  • Both standalone (OR 1.07) and coexisting forms of undernutrition (OR 1.21) were significantly associated with increased odds of diarrhoea.
  • Breastfeeding, higher maternal education, and improved socioeconomic status reduced diarrhoea risk; urban residence and age 6-23.9 months increased risk.

Conclusions:

  • Any form of undernutrition, standalone or coexisting, elevates the risk of diarrhoeal diseases in children.
  • Improvements in socioeconomic status, continued breastfeeding, and enhanced maternal education are crucial for mitigating diarrhoea.
  • Targeted interventions addressing nutritional status and socioeconomic factors are essential for reducing childhood diarrhoea in Pakistan.

Keywords:
childrencoexisting formdiarrhoealmalnutritionpaediatrics

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