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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Gap Junctions01:27

Gap Junctions

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The cytoplasm of adjacent animal cells can exchange small molecules, ions, and secondary messengers via the communication channels which form the gap junctions. These junctions comprise a few hundred to thousands of molecular channels, each made of two halves, called the connexon hemichannel. A connexon is a hexamer of six transmembrane connexin proteins, which assemble radially, thus forming a pore or channel in the center. One connexon hemichannel docks with a corresponding connexon on the...
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Mitochondria01:37

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane01:41

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The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence
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Connexins and Aging-Associated Respiratory Disorders: The Role in Intercellular Communications.

Tatiana Zubareva1,2, Ekaterina Mironova1,2,3, Anna Panfilova1,2

  • 1Department of Translational Biomedicine, Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Biomedicines
|November 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Connexins are vital for cell communication and tissue balance. Understanding their role in respiratory diseases may lead to new therapeutic strategies targeting these proteins.

Keywords:
Cx37Cx43connexinconnexongap junctionintercellular communicationsrespiratory system diseasessignaling moleculestarget therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Connexins facilitate intercellular communication, crucial for cellular and tissue homeostasis.
  • Dysregulation of cell communication contributes to various diseases, including respiratory conditions.
  • Connexins, particularly gap junction connexins and hemichannels, mediate the transport of ions, molecules, ATP, and mitochondria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of connexin functions in intercellular communication.
  • To explore the role of connexins in the pathogenesis of aging-associated respiratory diseases.
  • To identify connexins as potential therapeutic targets for respiratory disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of contemporary research on connexins.
  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms of connexin involvement in cellular transport.
  • Examination of connexin roles in disease pathogenesis, focusing on respiratory systems.

Main Results:

  • Connexins play a critical role in maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis.
  • Disruptions in connexin-mediated communication are implicated in respiratory disease development.
  • Connexins are involved in the transfer of essential molecules and organelles across cell membranes.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of connexin function is essential for developing novel therapeutic interventions.
  • Targeting specific connexins offers a promising avenue for treating respiratory diseases.
  • Modulating connexin activity, either inhibition or stimulation, holds potential for therapeutic benefit.