Research on Beampattern Synthesis of Conformal Array Based on Space-Variability Suppression

Area of Science:

• Antenna theory and design
• Signal processing
• Electromagnetics

Background:

• Spatial scanning in array antennas leads to significant beampattern variations.
• Maintaining a stable beampattern across different scan angles is crucial for many applications.
• Existing methods may struggle with achieving consistent performance for conformal arrays.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel synthesis method for conformal array beampatterns.
• To suppress spatial variability (SV) in array beampatterns.
• To achieve a stable and consistent beampattern across various scanning directions.

Main Methods:

• Convex optimization is employed to determine amplitude and phase weights for array elements.
• A beam gain threshold is satisfied during optimization.
• The golden section search method (GSM) is used to optimize objective functions for two-dimensional beams, addressing differential beam broadening.

Main Results:

• The proposed method effectively suppresses spatial variability in conformal array beampatterns.
• Optimized main lobes of beams in different directions closely approximate the reference beam's main lobe.
• Improved comprehensive optimization results for two-dimensional beams were achieved.

Conclusions:

• The presented spatial-variability suppression method ensures stable beampatterns for conformal arrays.
• Convex optimization and GSM effectively address beampattern stability and performance.
• Simulation results validate the proposed method's effectiveness in achieving consistent beam characteristics.