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Simultaneous Structural Monitoring over Optical Ground Wire and Optical Phase Conductor via Chirped-Pulse

Jorge Canudo1,2, Pascual Sevillano1, Andrea Iranzo2

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chirped-Pulse Phase-Sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (CP-ΦOTDR) enables real-time monitoring of high-voltage transmission lines. This technology enhances safety and efficiency by assessing structural integrity and detecting external threats.

Keywords:
Rayleigh scatteringdistributed acoustic sensingoverhead line monitoringphase-sensitive OTDRsag measurement

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • High-voltage transmission lines require real-time condition monitoring for structural integrity and continuous service.
  • Current operational capacity is limited by safety margins based on worst-case weather, risking conductor proximity to the ground.
  • Integrating optical fibers enables advanced sensing technologies for enhanced monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of Chirped-Pulse Phase-Sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (CP-ΦOTDR) for real-time monitoring of overhead transmission lines.
  • To assess the capability of CP-ΦOTDR in monitoring structural integrity (sag) and detecting external threats (environmental interference, mechanical intrusions).
  • To provide a comprehensive, real-time evaluation of both Optical Phase Conductor (OPPC) and Optical Ground Wire (OPGW).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) technology, specifically CP-ΦOTDR, integrated within transmission line optical fibers.
  • Measured wind-induced vibrations along conductors to analyze frequency-domain vibration modes correlated with conductor length and sag.
  • Simultaneously monitored OPPC and OPGW over distances up to 40 km from a single endpoint.

Main Results:

  • CP-ΦOTDR effectively measures vibrations, enabling analysis of frequency modes linked to conductor sag and length.
  • High-frequency data distinguished mechanical intrusions and environmental interferences by spectral content.
  • Low-frequency data revealed diurnal temperature-induced sag evolution with distinct amplitude responses for OPPC and OPGW.

Conclusions:

  • CP-ΦOTDR offers a unique capacity for precise, real-time assessment of transmission line structural integrity and external threats.
  • The technology enhances line safety, operational efficiency, and enables proactive maintenance strategies.
  • This study presents the first comprehensive real-time evaluation of both structural integrity and external aggressions on transmission lines using CP-ΦOTDR.