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NIR-II AIE Liposomes for Boosting Type-I Photodynamic and Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy in Breast Cancer
Shijie Zhen1, Zhe Xu1, Meng Suo2
1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magneto-chemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Phototheranositcs has recently aroused extreme attention due to its exceptional advantages. However, the poor photothernostic efficiency, limited penetration depth, strong oxygen-dependence, and inevitable damage to normal tissue of conventional photothernostic materials severely hindered their total theranostic efficacy. Herein, a series of near-infrared second (NIR-II) photosensitizers (PSs) featuring aggregation-induced emission (AIE), NIR-II fluorescence imaging (FLI), type I photodynamic therapy (PDT) and mild-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT) are constructed through dual-strategy methods combining donor group engineering and fluorination engineering. Profiting from sufficient molecular rotors and high electronegativity of fluorine, the developed 2-(2-((5-(4-((4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)(phenyl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)methylene)-5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (BTS-2F) and 2-(2-((5-(4-(bis(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)methylene)-5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (TTS-2F) are endowed with NIR-II AIE property, high radical reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability and mild-temperature photothermal conversion. Through thin film hydration method, the prepared BTS-2F and TTS-2F loaded liposomes exhibit significant NIR-II FLI and improved type-I PDT/mild-temperature PTT therapy under laser irradiation both in vitro and orthotopic 4T1 mice models.
