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Directing SEI formation on Si-based electrodes using atomic layer deposition.

Supti Das1, Anders Brennhagen1, Carmen Cavallo1

  • 1Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033, Blindern, 0315, Oslo, Norway. alexey.koposov@kjemi.uio.no.

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Designing artificial solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) is key for Li-ion batteries. Coating silicon nanoparticles with titanium dioxide (TiO2) via atomic layer deposition significantly improved battery cycling stability using FEC-free electrolytes.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Capacity fading in lithium-ion batteries is a major challenge, often linked to unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation.
  • Silicon nanoparticles are promising anode materials due to their high theoretical capacity, but suffer from poor cycling stability.
  • Developing artificial SEI layers is crucial for enhancing battery performance and longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as an artificial SEI layer for silicon nanoparticles.
  • To evaluate the impact of TiO2 coating on the electrochemical performance and cycling stability of Li-ion batteries.
  • To assess the performance of the artificial SEI in a fluorine-ethylene-carbonate (FEC)-free electrolyte.

Main Methods:

  • Atomic layer deposition (ALD) was employed to uniformly coat silicon nanoparticles with TiO2.
  • Electrochemical testing, including cycling performance and capacity retention, was conducted.
  • The stability of the artificial SEI was analyzed under FEC-free electrolyte conditions.

Main Results:

  • The TiO2 artificial SEI significantly suppressed capacity losses during prolonged cycling.
  • Silicon nanoparticle anodes coated with TiO2 exhibited enhanced cycling stability compared to uncoated counterparts.
  • The artificial SEI demonstrated effectiveness in a practical FEC-free electrolyte formulation.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic layer deposition of TiO2 provides an effective strategy for creating robust artificial SEI layers on silicon nanoparticles.
  • The TiO2 artificial SEI contributes to improved cycling stability and reduced capacity fading in Li-ion batteries.
  • This approach shows promise for developing high-performance silicon-based anodes for next-generation batteries, particularly in FEC-free electrolyte systems.