The Effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs in Improving Cardiovascular Outcomes: Systematic Review and...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are leading causes of global mortality and disability.
• Secondary prevention interventions are crucial for managing CVDs and improving patient outcomes.
• Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recognized as a key component of CVD treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and meta-analyze the impact of CR on mortality, morbidity, functional capacity, and quality of life in CVD patients.
• To assess the effectiveness of CR as a secondary prevention strategy for cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies, including randomized controlled trials and cohort studies.
• Analysis of data on all-cause mortality, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains, and other relevant patient outcomes.

Main Results:

• CR programs were found to be effective in reducing all-cause mortality (RR=0.74).
• Significant favorable effects of CR were observed in the ICF domains of body functions (SMD=0.55).
• CR improves functional status and lowers mortality rates in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

• CR programs are a significant and effective component of secondary CVD prevention.
• There is a need for improved global implementation and standardization of CR programs to increase patient access and adherence.
• Addressing suboptimal CR program implementation is essential for maximizing patient benefits.