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Related Concept Videos

Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

3.2K
Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
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Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

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To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...
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Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Single Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy: From Sample to Structure
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Single Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy: From Sample to Structure

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Practical Guide for Implementing Cryogenic Electron Microscopy Structure Determination in Dermatology Research.

Ivan B Lomakin1, Swapnil C Devarkar2, Christian Freniere2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|November 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) determines high-resolution structures of biological molecules. This review highlights cryo-EM

Keywords:
Cryo-EMDevelopmentDrugMethods/Tools/TechniquesMicroscopyStructure

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Manual Blot-and-Plunge Freezing of Biological Specimens for Single-Particle Cryogenic Electron Microscopy
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Area of Science:

  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Health Research

Background:

  • Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and tomography enable atomic resolution structural determination of biological macromolecules in solution.
  • Recent advancements, termed the 'resolution revolution,' have significantly broadened cryo-EM's application across health-related research.
  • National cryo-EM data collection centers have further expanded accessibility and utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamentals of single-particle cryo-EM.
  • To showcase cryo-EM applications in dermatology-related macromolecular research.
  • To provide examples of cryo-EM integration into drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) technique.
  • Cryo-electron tomography.
  • Data analysis and structure determination.

Main Results:

  • Cryo-EM provides atomic or near-atomic resolution insights into macromolecular structures.
  • Demonstrated utility of cryo-EM in studying dermatology-relevant macromolecules and complexes.
  • Illustrated potential applications in drug discovery and development pipelines.

Conclusions:

  • Cryo-EM is a powerful tool for understanding biological structures at high resolution.
  • Its application in dermatology research offers new avenues for understanding disease mechanisms.
  • Cryo-EM significantly aids in the drug development process.