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Adaptive protein coevolution preserves telomere integrity.

Sung-Ya Lin1, Hannah Futeran1, Mia T Levine1

  • 1Department of Biology and Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

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|November 28, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adaptive protein evolution can drive innovation while maintaining essential functions. This study shows that coevolution between interacting proteins in a telomere complex prevents harmful byproducts of rapid adaptation, preserving cell viability.

Keywords:
DrosophilaHipHopadaptationcoevolutiontelomere

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Essential biological functions often rely on proteins that evolve rapidly under positive selection.
  • The mechanism by which adaptive protein evolution drives innovation while preserving conserved functions is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that adaptive protein-protein coevolution mitigates negative byproducts of innovation under pressure from selfish genetic elements.
  • To investigate how adaptive coevolution within a multi-protein complex maintains essential functions.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally swapped an adaptively evolving subunit of a telomere protection complex from *Drosophila yakuba* into *D. melanogaster*.
  • Introduced mutations at six key sites on the protein-protein interaction surface.
  • Assessed telomere integrity and organismal viability.

Main Results:

  • The heterologous subunit caused lethal telomere fusions due to interspecies incompatibility.
  • Restoring six adaptively evolved sites or introducing the co-evolving partner rescued telomere integrity and viability.
  • Demonstrated the critical role of adaptive protein-protein coevolution in maintaining essential functions.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive protein-protein coevolution is crucial for preserving essential functions during evolutionary innovation.
  • This coevolutionary mechanism helps manage the deleterious byproducts of rapid adaptation, particularly under selective pressures.
  • In vivo, evolution-guided manipulations provide insights into how protein complexes adapt and maintain stability.