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Related Experiment Video

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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott DRM Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
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Misinformation exploits outrage to spread online.

Killian L McLoughlin1,2, William J Brady3, Aden Goolsbee4

  • 1Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 28, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Misinformation online often uses outrage to spread, as people share emotional content without reading it. This makes combating fake news challenging, even with fact-checking efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Media Studies
  • Online Communication
  • Information Science

Background:

  • Misinformation frequently circulates online, posing a significant societal challenge.
  • Outrage is a powerful emotion that drives engagement and sharing on social media platforms.
  • The relationship between outrage, misinformation, and user sharing behavior requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that online misinformation exploits outrage for dissemination.
  • To examine the generalizability of this phenomenon across platforms, time, and misinformation types.
  • To understand how outrage influences users' willingness to share information without prior reading.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of large-scale US data from Facebook (over 1 million links) and Twitter (over 44,000 tweets and 24,000 users).
  • Conducted two behavioral experiments with 1,475 participants to assess sharing intentions.
  • Compared outrage levels and sharing patterns between misinformation and trustworthy news sources.

Main Results:

  • Misinformation sources consistently evoked higher levels of outrage compared to trustworthy sources.
  • Outrage significantly facilitated the sharing of misinformation, comparable to the sharing of credible news.
  • Participants demonstrated a greater propensity to share outrage-evoking misinformation without first reading the content.

Conclusions:

  • Outrage serves as a key mechanism for the online spread of misinformation.
  • The findings suggest that interventions assuming users prioritize accuracy may be ineffective against outrage-driven misinformation.
  • Addressing online misinformation requires strategies that account for the role of emotional engagement, particularly outrage.