Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

$X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples$ 01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...

X-ray Crystallography

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Report of high data rate macromolecular crystallography (HDRMX) meeting, 23 July 2025.

Structural dynamics (Melville, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Mapping the effects of specific radiation damage and solvent radiolysis in buffers and crystals with online UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy.

Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology·2026

Same author

Experience with the Jungfrau-1M detector at Diamond Light Source.

Journal of synchrotron radiation·2026

Same author

Modelling of radiation damage and beam-induced heating of room-temperature samples at extremely high flux MX beamlines.

IUCrJ·2026

Same author

Increasing X-ray energy improves data quality in serial crystallography.

Journal of synchrotron radiation·2026

Same author

Electron fourier ptychography for phase reconstruction.

Scientific reports·2025

Same journal

1,2-Aminothiol-specific conjugation for dual-color fluorescent labeling via ultrafast TAMM conjugates.

Methods in enzymology·2026

Same journal

Nitrone dipoles in bioorthogonal chemistry applications.

Methods in enzymology·2026

Same journal

Bioorthogonal labeling of sialic acid isomers for detection of glycoconjugates by mass spectrometry imaging and microscopy.

Methods in enzymology·2026

Same journal

Bioorthogonal photocatalytic proximity labeling for quantitative mapping of cell-cell interactions.

Methods in enzymology·2026

Same journal

inCu-click: Enabling copper-catalyzed click chemistry inside living cells.

Methods in enzymology·2026

Same journal

Site-specific antibody labeling via endo-S2 mediated Fc glycan remodeling.

Methods in enzymology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Fixed Target Serial Data Collection at Diamond Light Source

Fixed Target Serial Data Collection at Diamond Light Source

Published on: February 26, 2021

Processing serial synchrotron crystallography diffraction data with DIALS.

James Beilsten-Edmands¹, James M Parkhurst², Graeme Winter¹

¹Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.

Methods in Enzymology

|November 28, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New software enhancements improve serial crystallography data processing. The DIALS package and xia2.ssx pipeline offer better integration of partial still-shot diffraction data using a 3D Gaussian profile model.

Keywords:

DIALS Data integration Data processing Data reduction Serial crystallography Xia2.ssx

More Related Videos

$Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography$

Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography

Published on: April 24, 2018

Achieving Efficient Fragment Screening at XChem Facility at Diamond Light Source

Achieving Efficient Fragment Screening at XChem Facility at Diamond Light Source

Published on: May 29, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Fixed Target Serial Data Collection at Diamond Light Source

Fixed Target Serial Data Collection at Diamond Light Source

Published on: February 26, 2021

$Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography$

Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography

Published on: April 24, 2018

Achieving Efficient Fragment Screening at XChem Facility at Diamond Light Source

Achieving Efficient Fragment Screening at XChem Facility at Diamond Light Source

Published on: May 29, 2021

Area of Science:

Structural Biology
Crystallography
Software Development

Background:

Serial still-shot crystallography (SSX) is crucial for studying dynamic biological processes.
Accurate processing of partial diffraction data is essential for successful SSX experiments.
Existing software may have limitations in handling anisotropic spot shapes and partiality.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe additions to the DIALS software package for SSX data processing.
To introduce the xia2.ssx pipeline for processing and merging SSX data.
To improve the integration and analysis of partial still-shot diffraction data.

Main Methods:

Development of a 3D Gaussian profile model for anisotropic spot shapes.
Optimization of the profile model using maximum likelihood methods.
Implementation of the xia2.ssx pipeline integrating DIALS programs for SSX data.

Main Results:

The new model enables simultaneous refinement of the profile model and Ewald-sphere offsets.
Improved partiality estimates lead to better model statistics compared to isotropic models.
Demonstration of workflows for merging SSX data, including time/dose resolved series.

Conclusions:

The enhanced DIALS package and xia2.ssx pipeline significantly improve SSX data processing.
The 3D Gaussian profile model enhances the accuracy of integrating partial diffraction data.
The developed tools facilitate advanced SSX data analysis, including time-resolved studies.