Efficient removal of crystal violet and acid red 88 dyes from aqueous environments using easily synthesized copper...

This study details the synthesis and application of magnetic copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) nanoparticles for the efficient removal of acid red 88 and crystal violet dyes from aqueous solutions. Utilizing a combustion method, nanoparticles were synthesized with succinic and malic acids as fuels, yielding samples with crystallite sizes of 28.54 ± 0.90 nm for the sample synthesized with malic acid and 19.79 ± 0.75 nm for the sample synthesized with succinic acid. Optimum removal conditions were found at a pH of 2 for acid red 88 and pH 10 for crystal violet, with a contact time of 80 min and an adsorbent dosage of 0.05 g in a 100 mL solution. Under these conditions, the sample synthesized using succinic acid achieved sorptive capacities of 452.49 mg/g for acid red 88 and 446.43 mg/g for crystal violet, while the sample synthesized using malic acid reached 408.16 mg/g and 374.53 mg/g, respectively. Both adsorption processes followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and aligned with the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the process as exothermic and spontaneous. Practical trials demonstrated removal efficiencies above 95% for both dyes in real wastewater samples, underscoring the method's practical potential in water purification applications.