[Cardiovascular preventive recommendations. PAPPS 2024 thematic updates].

Area of Science:

• Preventive Medicine
• Cardiovascular Health
• Public Health

Background:

• Vascular diseases (VD) represent a significant public health challenge globally and in Spain.
• The semFYC's Program for Preventive Activities and Health Promotion (PAPPS) provides essential guidelines for healthcare professionals.
• Previous editions focused on core risk factors, necessitating updates to include emerging conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present the updated semFYC PAPPS recommendations for the prevention of vascular diseases (VD).
• To incorporate new sections addressing obesity, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic hepatic steatosis.
• To provide updated guidance on managing established cardiovascular risk factors and screening for conditions like atrial fibrillation.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and evidence synthesis of current literature on VD prevention.
• Inclusion of expert consensus and clinical practice guidelines.
• Development of updated recommendations with explicit quality of testing and strength of recommendation.

Main Results:

• Updated epidemiological data on cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality in Spain.
• Revised recommendations for calculating vascular risk (VR) and managing key risk factors: arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.
• New guidance on obesity, chronic kidney disease, metabolic hepatic steatosis, antiplatelet therapy, atrial fibrillation screening, and chronic condition management.

Conclusions:

• The updated PAPPS guidelines offer a comprehensive framework for VD prevention in primary care.
• The inclusion of new sections and updated content ensures relevance in addressing current health challenges.
• These recommendations aim to improve patient outcomes by promoting evidence-based preventive strategies and risk factor management.