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Author Spotlight: Advancing the Analysis of Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Proteome for Cardiovascular Biomarker Studies
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Author Spotlight: Advancing the Analysis of Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Proteome for Cardiovascular Biomarker Studies

Published on: January 31, 2025

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Study of plasma essential element concentrations to explore markers of acute myocardial infarction

Junko Fujihara1, Naoki Nishimoto2, Yoshikazu Takinami3

  • 1Department of Legal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan. jfujihar@med.shimane-u.ac.jp.

Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine
|December 1, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Lower copper (Cu) and calcium (Ca) levels, along with higher magnesium (Mg) levels, may indicate acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in heart disease patients. These elemental differences could serve as potential biomarkers for AMI diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Essential element concentrations are implicated in disease pathogenesis.
  • Previous research linked serum iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) to acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  • The distinct elemental profiles differentiating AMI from other cardiac conditions remain under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate plasma levels of Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu, Ca, inorganic P, and cardiac troponin T (TnT) in patients with various heart diseases.
  • To identify potential plasma element biomarkers for distinguishing AMI from other cardiac conditions like angina, heart failure, and chest pain.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma Fe, Mg, Zn, and Cu were measured using a Metallo Assay kit.
  • Plasma Ca and inorganic P were determined via an automatic biochemical analyzer.
  • Cardiac TnT levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Main Results:

  • Plasma TnT levels were elevated in AMI patients compared to other heart disease groups and negatively correlated with Cu and Ca.
  • While Fe, Cu, and inorganic P were within normal ranges, heart disease patients exhibited lower Mg and Ca, and higher Zn levels.
  • Significant differences in Mg levels were observed, with higher concentrations in AMI compared to heart failure patients.

Conclusions:

  • Lower plasma Cu and Ca levels, coupled with higher Mg levels, may serve as potential diagnostic markers for AMI.
  • These elemental variations suggest a role for specific minerals in the pathophysiology or as indicators of AMI.

Keywords:
Cardiac troponin TEssential elementsHeart diseaseMarkers of acute myocardial infarction

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