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Published on: February 24, 2023
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Features Associated With Mycoplasma genitalium Infection
Johnathan M Sheele1, Kara Bragg1
1Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA.
Cureus
|December 2, 2024
Summary
Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) is infrequently tested in emergency departments (EDs), but positive results are common. Risk factors include non-White race, specific age groups, marital status, and Ureaplasma coinfection.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are prevalent in US emergency departments (EDs).
- Limited data exist on Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) prevalence and risk factors within the ED setting.
- This study examines M. genitalium epidemiology at an institutional level and specifically within the ED.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and identify risk factors for M. genitalium infection in emergency department patients.
- To describe the epidemiological and laboratory findings associated with M. genitalium in the ED.
- To compare M. genitalium testing and infection rates in the ED versus other healthcare settings.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of Mayo Clinic Enterprise data from October 2014 to September 2023.
- Inclusion criteria: patients aged 12-120 years with research authorization and testing for gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomonas, and M. genitalium.
- Statistical analysis included logistic regression to identify significant risk factors.
Main Results:
- M. genitalium testing occurred in 1.7% of 332,619 encounters; 1.8% of those tested were positive (n=103).
- M. genitalium testing in the ED has increased since 2020 but remains <1% of STI testing.
- Significant risk factors for M. genitalium included non-White race (OR 2.33), age 45-101 (OR 0.16), age 36-44 (OR 0.47), married/life partner status (OR 0.27), ED testing (vs. inpatient/outpatient), and Ureaplasma coinfection (OR 3.19).
Conclusions:
- M. genitalium is infrequently tested in EDs, but a positive test is highly associated with infection.
- Non-White race, specific age demographics, marital status, and Ureaplasma coinfection are identified risk factors for M. genitalium.
- Further research and targeted testing strategies for M. genitalium in the ED setting are warranted.
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