Chemotherapy on hematological and biochemical parameters in breast cancer patients

Drugs used in chemotherapy specifically target and kill the cancer cells during the breast cancer treatment. However, the majority of anti-cancer therapies are non-specific, which will harm the innate cells. Our research work assessed the impact of chemotherapy with adriamycin/cytoxan (AC) on the influence of antioxidant enzymes and hematopathological profiles in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer treated with chemotherapy.

40 breast cancer patients treated with AC chemotherapy (Adriamycin 60 mg/m2, Cytoxan 600 mg/m2) between July 2020 and March 2021 are part of this prospective study. The first sample was taken prior to chemotherapy, the second after the intervention's three cycles, and the third after the intervention's last cycle. Spectrophotometric technique was used to evaluate the amounts of antioxidant enzymes in serum samples. Patients' demographic variables, clinical features, biochemical andhematogical parameters data were noted. The data was compared before and after treatment using the Paired-t test.

55% of the patients were detected with carcinoma on left breast and majority was in Grade 3 clinical stage 37.5%. Most of the patients express estrogen and progesterone receptors 72.5%. Our findings demonstrated that a significant decrease in the mean values of antioxidant enzymes MDA, NO, TAS, CAT, GPx, GR, SOD and GST along with hematological parameters after three cycles of AC treatment in breast carcinoma individuals. The p-value is < 0.05.

Our research demonstrates that the body's oxidant/antioxidant system, particularly reduction levels and antioxidant enzyme activity, is drastically altered by AC chemotherapy in breast carcinoma individuals.