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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Integrated Photoacoustic, Ultrasound, and Angiographic Tomography (PAUSAT) for NonInvasive Whole-Brain Imaging of Ischemic Stroke
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Persistent proatlantal intersegmental artery: a consideration based on multi-slice spiral computed tomography

Qin Xiao1,2, Yi Mao1,2, Shunan Wang3,4

  • 1Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|December 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Persistent proatlantal intersegmental artery (PPIA) is a rare vascular variant. This study introduces a new classification system for PPIA, improving understanding of posterior circulation and aiding surgical planning.

Keywords:
External carotid arteryInternal carotid arteryMulti-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) angiographyPersistent proatlantal intersegmental artery (PPIA)Vertebral artery

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular anatomy
  • Medical imaging
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) angiography (MSCTA) is crucial for evaluating head and neck vascular anatomy.
  • Persistent proatlantal intersegmental artery (PPIA) is a rare vascular variant that can be visualized with MSCTA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the imaging characteristics of PPIA using MSCTA.
  • To assess the clinical significance of PPIA.
  • To propose a novel classification system for PPIA based on posterior circulation blood supply.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of imaging and clinical data from 11 patients diagnosed with PPIA via MSCTA.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of PPIA was 0.01%.
  • A novel classification system for PPIA was introduced, categorizing cases into Type I (18.2%) and Type II (81.8%) based on origin.
  • Associated vascular anomalies included vertebral artery agenesis/hypoplasia and hypoplasia of the persistent artery or basilar artery. Two patients had aneurysms, one had cerebral infarction, and one had a Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula.

Conclusions:

  • The novel PPIA classification system enhances understanding of posterior circulation, crucial for pre-interventional and pre-surgical assessments.
  • In PPIA cases, the ipsilateral vertebral artery is consistently hypoplastic.
  • PPIA predominantly supplies the posterior fossa vasculature in approximately 75% of cases.