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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Angiogenesis in the Ischemic Rat Lung
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Acute Three-Dimensional Hypoxia Regulates Angiogenesis.

Dimitris Ntekoumes1,2, Jiyeon Song1, Haohao Liu1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|December 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new hydrogel allows controlled, short-term low oxygen (hypoxia) exposure, boosting blood vessel growth. This method reveals reactive oxygen species, not standard factors, drive this enhanced angiogenesis.

Keywords:
angiogenesisendothelial cellshydrogelhypoxiareactive oxygen species

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Author Spotlight: Investigating Angiogenesis and Vessel Permeability Through a Modified Matrix Gel Plug Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Vascular Biology
  • Cellular Physiology

Background:

  • Hypoxia, or low oxygen, triggers diverse tissue responses.
  • Understanding acute hypoxia's effects is limited due to its transient nature.
  • Existing models struggle to precisely control short-term hypoxic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel hydrogel platform for studying acute, on-demand hypoxia.
  • To investigate the impact of acute moderate hypoxia on angiogenesis.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced angiogenic responses.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a novel gelatin-dextran (Gel-Dex) hydrogel.
  • Decoupling hydrogel formation from oxygen consumption for controlled hypoxia.
  • Utilizing 3D endothelial spheroids to assess vascular sprouting.
  • Measuring cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenic factors.

Main Results:

  • The Gel-Dex hydrogel successfully created acute moderate hypoxic conditions without mechanical degradation.
  • Acute hypoxia significantly enhanced endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and vascular sprouting.
  • The pro-angiogenic effect was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), independent of hypoxia-inducible factors.
  • ROS-dependent matrix metalloproteinase activity was identified as a key mediator of sprouting.

Conclusions:

  • The Gel-Dex hydrogel provides a versatile platform for studying "on-demand" acute hypoxia.
  • Acute hypoxia promotes angiogenesis through a ROS-mediated pathway.
  • This research offers insights into the role of ROS in vascular development and has potential applications in sensing technologies.