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Reflective cognitive style is linked to moral leniency, not directly to utilitarian judgments. This leniency explains why people with reflective thinking are more likely to find utilitarian options permissible.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Moral Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Previous studies linked reflective cognitive style to utilitarian judgments in moral dilemmas.
  • This link was often interpreted as cognitive reflection directly promoting utilitarianism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nuanced relationship between cognitive style, moral judgments, and moral leniency.
  • To propose and test moral leniency as a mediator between reflective cognitive style and utilitarian judgments.

Main Methods:

  • Study 1: Developed vignettes to measure moral leniency.
  • Studies 2 & 3: Assessed reflective cognitive style, moral leniency, and utilitarian judgments in large participant groups (N=455, 428).

Main Results:

  • Reflective cognitive style was significantly associated with increased moral leniency.
  • Moral leniency mediated the relationship between cognitive style and utilitarian judgments, particularly when permissibility was assessed.

Conclusions:

  • The connection between reflective thinking and utilitarian judgments is explained by moral leniency.
  • This finding reframes the understanding of how cognitive reflection influences moral decision-making in dilemmas.