TBBPA caused multiple intestinal injuries via ROS/NF-κB signal in common carp

Area of Science:

• Environmental Toxicology
• Aquatic Animal Health
• Fish Biology

Background:

• Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a widespread aquatic pollutant.
• The fish intestine is crucial for nutrient absorption and acts as a barrier against pollutants.
• Understanding TBBPA's impact on fish intestines is vital for aquatic health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the toxic effects of TBBPA on the intestine of Cyprinus carpio L. (common carp).
• To establish and utilize models of common carp and primary intestinal epithelial cells for TBBPA exposure studies.

Main Methods:

• Histological examination of intestinal tissues.
• Biochemical assays for oxidative stress markers (ROS, MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, T-AOC).
• Analysis of inflammatory factor gene and protein expression (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB).
• Assessment of cell death (TUNEL, flow cytometry, apoptosis-related proteins).
• Evaluation of intestinal tight junction integrity (claudin-1, ZO-1, occludin).

Main Results:

• TBBPA exposure caused intestinal mucosal damage and villi breakage.
• Increased oxidative stress markers (ROS, MDA) and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities.
• Upregulation of inflammatory factors and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
• Induction of apoptosis and disruption of intestinal barrier function by downregulating tight junction proteins.

Conclusions:

• TBBPA induces significant intestinal injury in common carp.
• The mechanism involves oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and tight junction disruption.
• ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway plays a key role in TBBPA-induced intestinal damage.