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Unlocking the dual role of LSD1 in tumor immunity: innate and adaptive pathways
Yu Zhang1,2, Ningjie Guo1, Haoyi Zhu1
1State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Academy of Medical Sciences; Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences; Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
Abstract:
The roles of innate and adaptive immunity are crucial in both the development of cancer and its response to treatment. Numerous studies have demonstrated that histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is overexpressed in various cancers. Elevated levels of LSD1 intricately modulate immune checkpoints, the function of immune cells, and the expression of immunomodulators, impacting both innate and adaptive immunity. Moreover, compelling evidence suggests that inhibiting LSD1 enhances tumor immunity, suppresses tumor growth, and improves the effectiveness of immunotherapy. However, a comprehensive classification of LSD1's role in both innate and adaptive immunity is lacking. In this review, we outline the role of LSD1 in tumor immunity in terms of both innate and adaptive immunity, summarizing the mechanisms associated with LSD1-mediated tumor immunity and its potential regulatory capacity in tumor immune escape. Finally, we summarize the research status of LSD1 inhibitors in tumor immunotherapy, which be valuable for promoting the development of effective LSD1-targeted agents used as combination immunotherapy drugs.
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