Resveratrol: potential application in safeguarding testicular health

Factors such as increasing mental pressure and poor living habits in modern society have led to an increase in the incidence of male reproductive diseases, including poor semen quality, testicular malignancy, and congenital developmental defects. The decline of male fertility deserves our attention. Resveratrol (3,4', 5-trihydroxy-trans-Stilbene, 3,4',5-trihydroxy), a polyphenol widely found in plant foods, is expected to enhance testicular function and promote breakthroughs in the treatment of diseases related to the male reproductive system. A large number of studies have shown that in male animals, resveratrol can enhance testicular function and spermatogenesis by activating SIRT1 expression and resist the damage of the testicular system by adverse factors. This article reviews the basic protective pathways of resveratrol against testicular and sperm damage, which involve oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, inflammatory damage, and mitochondrial function. The healthcare framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) is by far the most beneficial for healthcare and is suitable for the management of chronic diseases. This review also summarizes the health benefits of resveratrol on male reproduction in the context of PPPM/3PM by comprehensively collecting and reviewing the available evidence, thus leading to a working hypothesis that resveratrol can personalize prevention and protection of male reproductive function. It provides a new perspective and direction for future research on the health effects of resveratrol in improving male reproductive function.