Prostatic Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Introduction The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness and short-term outcomes of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in Indian patients suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods This retrospective analysis was performed at a single center and included 25 patients with BPH who received PAE from January 2019 to June 2023. The symptoms of patients had been assessed utilizing the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and the Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaire. The prostate volume and post-void residual (PVR) volume were assessed using transabdominal ultrasonography prior to and following the embolization. The procedure occurred in the interventional radiology suite with the patient under conscious anesthesia, employing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles. Prostate volume, PVR, IPSS, and QoL scores had been assessed at a follow-up three months later. Results Twenty-five males, with an average age of 76.56 years, underwent PAE. Bilateral embolization was conducted in 23 patients, whereas unilateral embolization was executed in two cases. Following a duration of three months, the average maximum improvement was as defined: IPSS, 10.44 ± 2.91; QoL score, 1.80 ± 0.81; prostatic volume decrease, 49.40 ± 24.13 cc (43% ± 13.95); and PVR volume, 70.08 ± 39.85 mL (52% ± 14.14) (p < 0.001 for all) as evaluated by the paired t-test. Conclusion PAE is a secure and efficacious intervention for BPH, yielding favorable short-term outcomes for lower urinary tract symptoms.