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Bioinspired Janus Mesh with Mechanical Support and Side-specific Biofunctions for Hernia Repair
Xiaoli Han1, Zhenliang Liu1, Liwei Sun1
1School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250021, China.
Acta Biomaterialia
|December 8, 2024
Summary
This study developed Janus polypropylene meshes (PPMs) with side-specific functions to prevent postoperative adhesions (PA) in hernioplasty. The new meshes show excellent antifouling, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties, effectively treating hernia defects without PA.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Surface Chemistry
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Postoperative adhesions (PA) are a significant complication in polypropylene mesh (PPMs)-based hernioplasty, caused by protein fouling, inflammation, and infection.
- Current PPMs face challenges in preventing these multifactorial complications due to their porous structure, limiting effective surface modification.
- Developing meshes with tailored, side-specific biofunctions is crucial to overcome these limitations and improve surgical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer Janus PPMs with distinct, side-specific functionalities inspired by the peritoneum.
- To create a mesh that simultaneously prevents protein adhesion, reduces inflammation, promotes cell adhesion, and exhibits antibacterial properties.
- To evaluate the efficacy of these Janus PPMs in treating abdominal hernia defects in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Surface-initiated photoiniferter-mediated polymerization was used to create side-specific polymer brushes on PPMs.
- One side was functionalized with zwitterionic polymer brushes (PS) for antifouling properties.
- The opposite side was modified with polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) brushes linked to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP) for bioactivity and antibacterial effects.
Main Results:
- The PS-modified surface demonstrated >99% inhibition of protein adhesion after 72 hours.
- The HAP-modified surface showed significant ROS-scavenging, inflammation inhibition, cell adhesion promotion, and >99.9% bacterial killing rate.
- The Janus PPMs maintained mechanical properties comparable to pristine meshes and showed no PA formation in vivo.
Conclusions:
- The developed Janus PPMs successfully mimic peritoneal characteristics, addressing key postoperative complications in hernioplasty.
- This approach offers a versatile strategy for creating asymmetrical functionalities on implantable materials.
- The Janus PPMs provide effective hernia defect treatment with enhanced biocompatibility and reduced adhesion formation.
