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Informing Vaccine Messaging and Community Outreach: Experience in Chicago with a Community-Based Participatory

Naseem Parsa1, Mark Dworkin1, Caesar Thompson1

  • 1University of Illinois Chicago, School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA.

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|December 9, 2024
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Summary

Community-engaged evaluation revealed COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Chicago due to concerns about side effects, safety, and distrust. Social needs also lowered vaccine priority for unvaccinated residents.

Keywords:
community outreachcommunity-based participatory researchrapid assessmentvaccine hesitancyvaccine messaging

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Community-Based Participatory Research
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake persist in urban settings.
  • Understanding vaccine hesitancy is crucial for targeted public health interventions.
  • Community engagement is vital for addressing health inequities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rapidly determine reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among unvaccinated Chicago residents.
  • To utilize a community-engaged evaluation approach to uncover barriers to vaccination.
  • To inform public health messaging and strategies for improving vaccine uptake.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods approach grounded in community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles.
  • Interviews conducted by community partners with a purposive sample of 456 unvaccinated Chicago adults.
  • Data analyzed using qualitative (Dedoose) and quantitative (SAS) software.

Main Results:

  • Over half of respondents were not concerned about contracting COVID-19.
  • Key concerns included vaccine side effects (36%), safety (27%), and distrust in institutions.
  • Social needs like food or housing insecurity reduced the priority of COVID-19 vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • A collaborative, community-engaged approach effectively identified barriers to COVID-19 vaccination.
  • Addressing concerns about vaccine safety, side effects, and building trust are essential.
  • Findings can inform tailored vaccine messaging for urban populations.