[Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia: a case report]

Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (PNLH) is a rare pulmonary lymphoproliferative disease characterized by the absence of specific clinical and imaging features. Consequently, diagnosis relies heavily on postoperative pathological examination, which often leads to preoperative misdiagnosis. Here, we report an atypical case of PNLH in a 57-year-old female patient who was admitted to hospital after a pulmonary nodule was discovered during a routine physical examination two days earlier. Chest CT scan revealed a mixed ground-glass nodule in the apicoposterior segment of the left upper lobe, with lobulation and spiculation. These imaging findings initially suggested a diagnosis of pulmonary malignancy. However, pathological examination and IgH gene rearrangement analysis of the resected tissue ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of PNLH.