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Maxillofacial trunk identified by three-dimensional computed tomography angiography.

Toshinori Iwai¹, Satomi Sugiyama², Toshiyuki Koizumi²

¹Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Hospital, 3-9 Fukuura, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan. iwai104oams@yahoo.co.jp.

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA

|December 9, 2024

Summary

Rare variations in external carotid artery branching, specifically maxillofacial and thyrolingual trunks, were identified. These anatomical anomalies, formed by common origins of key arteries, are exceptionally uncommon in human vasculature.

Keywords:

Common trunk Computed tomography angiography External carotid artery Maxillofacial trunk Thyrolingual trunk

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Area of Science:

Anatomy
Vascular Surgery
Radiology

Background:

The external carotid artery (ECA) exhibits significant branching variability.
Common arterial trunks, such as the thyrolingual, linguofacial, and thyrolinguofacial trunks, arise from combinations of the superior thyroid, lingual, and facial arteries.
Maxillofacial trunks, formed by the confluence of these specific arteries, represent an extremely rare anatomical variation.

Observation:

This study reports a rare case involving the simultaneous identification of both maxillofacial and thyrolingual trunks.
The anatomical variations were visualized and confirmed using advanced three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA).

Findings:

The presence of both a maxillofacial trunk and a thyrolingual trunk originating from the external carotid artery was documented.
This case highlights an exceptionally rare pattern of arterial anatomy in the head and neck region.

Implications:

Accurate identification of such rare vascular variations is crucial for surgical planning in maxillofacial and head and neck procedures.
Understanding these anomalies can help prevent intraoperative complications and improve patient outcomes.
This finding contributes to the detailed anatomical knowledge of the external carotid artery system.