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Clinical and diagnostic features of Crohn's disease in young children
Olga M Gorbatyuk1, Dmitry S Soleiko2
1NATIONAL HEALTHCARE UNIVERSITY OF UKRAINE, KYIV, UKRAINE.
Insights
Crohn's disease (CD) in young children presents with combined intestinal lesions, severe symptoms, and developmental delay. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better outcomes in pediatric CD patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Crohn's disease (CD) diagnosis in young children can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other pediatric gastrointestinal disorders.
- Understanding the unique clinical presentation of CD in pediatric populations is vital for timely and accurate diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate the specific clinical features of Crohn's disease in young children.
- To enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment effectiveness for pediatric CD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 11 young children diagnosed with Crohn's disease.
- Diagnosis was confirmed through a combination of clinical presentation, disease course, laboratory tests, instrumental imaging, and histopathological examination.
Main Results:
- Predominant small and large intestine involvement (45.45%) was observed, leading to gastrointestinal issues, severe systemic illness, and extraintestinal manifestations.
- Young patients frequently exhibited asthenia, delayed development, high inflammatory markers, iron deficiency, dysproteinemia, and elevated calprotectin.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric Crohn's disease is characterized by combined intestinal lesions, high disease activity, frequent extraintestinal complications, and developmental delay.
- Laboratory markers such as iron deficiency, dysproteinemia, and high calprotectin are indicative of CD in children.
- Recognizing these distinct clinical and diagnostic features is essential for effective management of pediatric Crohn's disease.
Objective:
Aim: To highlight the distinctive features of CD in young children, based on personal clinical experience in observation and treatment, with the objective of improving the accuracy of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment.
Patients And Methods:
Materials and Methods: The study involves the results of treatment 11 young children with CD. The diagnosis was based on the combination of the following data: clinical manifestations of the disease and its course, as well as the results of laboratory, instrumental, and step biopsy with morphological studies.
Results:
Results: In young patients with CD, combined lesions of the small and large intestines predominate, manifesting as gastrointestinal disorders against the background of a severe general condition, intoxication, and extraintestinal complications. Young children with CD often show signs of asthenic syndrome, developmental delay, and high inflammatory activity. All the children in the study showed low serum iron levels, dysproteinemia, and high calprotectin levels.
Conclusion:
Conclusions: 1. CD in young children has such clinical features as combined lesions of the small and large intestines (45.45% of cases), high activity of the disease. frequent extraintestinal manifestations of the disease, and developmental delay. All young children with CD upon admission to the hospital were in severe condition, exhibiting signs of intoxication, diarrhea, and blood in their stools. 2. Laboratory findings are characterized by serum iron deficiency, dysproteinemia, and high levels of calprotectin. 3. Knowledge of the clinical and diagnostic features of CD is essential for specialists to provide appropriate medical care.
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