Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cross-reactivity

Cross-reactivity

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

Antibody Structure

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

Humoral Immune Responses

Humoral Immune Responses

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...

Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Fast Generation of F(Ab')<sub>2</sub> Fragments From Human IgG Using Fc-Fused IgG-Degrading Enzyme.

European journal of immunology·2026

Same author

Association of Complement Genetics with Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·2026

Same author

Impact of heme on the therapeutic efficacy of anti-CD20 antibodies.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026

Same author

Tumour cell-intrinsic complement C1r and C1s regulate cancer cell fitness and shape the immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS·2026

Same author

Intracellular complement Factor H promotes tumor progression through modulation of cell cycle and actin cytoskeleton.

Communications biology·2026

Same author

Novel assays to assess the prevalence and neutralizing potential of anti-IdeS antibodies in healthy humans.

Frontiers in immunology·2026

Same journal

Fibrocytes drive JAK2V617F-mutated myelofibrosis: pitavastatin reverses marrow fibrosis and anemia.

Blood·2026

Same journal

Identifying steroid-refractory aGVHD before it happens.

Blood·2026

Same journal

ELISA-negative HIT: antibody recognition and relevance.

Blood·2026

Same journal

EBV and immunodeficiency: the odd couple drawn to the brain.

Blood·2026

Same journal

A bone to pick with ferric carboxymaltose.

Blood·2026

Same journal

A step toward streamlining HIT diagnosis.

Blood·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

Polyreactive IgM: a trigger for aHUS

Lubka T Roumenina¹, Jordan D Dimitrov¹

¹Sorbonne Université.

|December 12, 2024

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

More Related Videos

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Published on: June 29, 2016

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Antibody Binding Specificity for Kappa (Vκ) Light Chain-containing Human (IgM) Antibodies: Polysialic Acid (PSA) Attached to NCAM as a Case Study

Published on: June 29, 2016

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022