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Adolescent school retention post COVID-19 school closures in Kenya: A mixed-methods study
Ruth Nanjekho Wafubwa1, Erica Soler-Hampejsek2, Eva Muluve1
1Population Council-Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
Plos One
|December 12, 2024
Summary
Financial and gender-specific challenges hinder school retention for marginalized adolescents in Kenya post-COVID-19. Income-generating activities and household income loss significantly impacted both genders, with unique barriers like pregnancy affecting girls and substance use affecting boys.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent Health
- Education Policy
- Sociology of Education
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted education globally, disproportionately affecting marginalized adolescent populations.
- Understanding factors influencing school retention is critical for developing effective educational and social support systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate factors associated with school retention among marginalized adolescents in Kenya after COVID-19 school closures.
- To identify gender-specific barriers to school retention in crisis contexts.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative logistic regression analysis (n=1798) and qualitative thematic analysis of in-depth interviews (n=89) and key informant interviews (n=21).
- Data collected from adolescents (aged 10-19 in 2020) and their parents in four Kenyan settings.
Main Results:
- For female adolescents, older age and internet access were negatively associated with retention. Income-generating activities significantly reduced retention for both genders.
- Male adolescents faced lower retention with household income loss and engaging in income-generating activities.
- Qualitative data revealed gendered barriers: pregnancy and childcare for girls; income generation and substance use for boys. Financial constraints were universal.
Conclusions:
- School retention among marginalized adolescents is influenced by a complex interplay of financial, social, and gender-specific factors, exacerbated by crises like the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Findings highlight the need for targeted policies and programs to support adolescent school retention during and after crises.
- Addressing financial barriers and gender-specific challenges is crucial for ensuring educational continuity for vulnerable youth.
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