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Related Concept Videos

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
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Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

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Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
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Conserved Binding Sites01:49

Conserved Binding Sites

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Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
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Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
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Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,
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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

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Conserved Sequences from Dengue Virus Genomes Form Stable G-Quadruplexes.

Jessica L Siemer1, Thao T Le1, Ananya Paul1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University; Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.

ACS Infectious Diseases
|December 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers found conserved G-quadruplex sites in dengue virus RNA, offering a potential target for broad-spectrum antiviral therapies. These findings could lead to new treatments for dengue virus infections.

Keywords:
G-quadruplexRNAantiviralsdengue virusnucleic acid structureorthoflavivirus

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Arthropod-borne Orthoflavivirus members cause significant global human disease.
  • Dengue virus, with four endemic serotypes, affects half the world's population.
  • Immunoenhancement during secondary dengue infections complicates vaccine development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify conserved targets across all four dengue virus serotypes for antiviral therapy development.
  • To investigate the potential of G-quadruplex structures within the viral RNA genome as therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Computational analysis to identify conserved G-quadruplex sites in Orthoflavivirus RNA genomes.
  • In vitro biophysical studies to confirm G-quadruplex formation in dengue virus NS5-B sequences.
  • Quadruplex binder assays to assess stabilization of NS5-B quadruplexes.

Main Results:

  • Multiple conserved G-quadruplex sites were identified computationally in Orthoflavivirus RNA.
  • Biophysical studies confirmed that dengue virus NS5-B sequences from all four serotypes form G-quadruplexes in vitro.
  • Known quadruplex binders effectively stabilized these NS5-B G-quadruplexes across all serotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Conserved G-quadruplex structures in dengue virus RNA represent a promising target for broad-spectrum antiviral drug development.
  • Targeting these conserved RNA features could overcome challenges associated with dengue serotype diversity and vaccine-induced immunoenhancement.