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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

296
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
296
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

807
At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
807
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR01:15

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Variable-Temperature NMR

1.1K
The axial and equatorial protons in cyclohexane can be distinguished by performing a variable-temperature NMR experiment. In this process, except for one proton, the remaining eleven protons are replaced by deuterium. The deuterium substitution avoids the possible peak splitting caused by the spin-spin coupling between the adjacent protons. The remaining proton flips between the axial and equatorial positions.
1.1K

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Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
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Calibration free approaches for rapid polymorph discrimination via low frequency (THz) Raman spectroscopy.

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|December 13, 2024
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Summary

Multivariate curve resolution applied to Raman spectra enables rapid analysis of crystallization processes. This technique accurately quantifies mefenamic acid solid forms, matching X-ray diffraction results.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Crystallization processes are critical in pharmaceutical manufacturing, requiring robust analytical methods for monitoring.
  • Non-invasive spectroscopic techniques offer advantages for real-time process analysis.
  • Accurate characterization of solid-state forms is essential for drug efficacy and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the application of multivariate curve resolution (MCR) to non-invasive Raman spectroscopy.
  • To enable rapid on-line analysis of crystallization processes.
  • To quantify different solid forms of mefenamic acid using Raman spectra.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multivariate curve resolution (MCR) algorithms.
  • Acquired non-invasive Raman spectra during crystallization.
  • Analyzed Raman spectra to identify and quantify mefenamic acid polymorphs (form I, form II, and dimethylformamide solvate).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful application of MCR for on-line Raman spectral analysis.
  • Achieved accurate quantification of mefenamic acid solid forms.
  • Showed excellent agreement between MCR-Raman quantification and off-line X-ray analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Multivariate curve resolution is a powerful tool for rapid, non-invasive analysis of crystallization.
  • Raman spectroscopy coupled with MCR provides a viable method for high-throughput screening and process monitoring.
  • The developed method accurately characterizes mefenamic acid solid forms, supporting pharmaceutical development.