Systematic review on maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and offspring allergy

Allergic diseases including food allergy, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis are increasing. Nutritional intake may play a role in this increase. Systematic reviews indicate that intake of specific nutrients and foods does not prevent allergic diseases. The role of the overall diet as measured by dietary patterns (Diet diversity, Dietary inflammatory index, Mediterranean diet score, Healthy eating index, Maternal diet index, ultra-processed food dietary patterns, and others) have not been systematically reviewed. We aim to investigate the association between overall maternal dietary intake during pregnancy and offspring allergy outcomes. The following databases will be searched: PubMed, OVID Medline, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies with publication dates up to November 28, 2024, will be eligible. We will perform our last search on November 28, 2024. There will be no restrictions by geographical location but only studies published in English will be included. Risk of bias in the included studies will be assessed using the ROBINS-I Cochrane assessment tool. Data will be discussed and narratively, and studies that present comparable data will be used in meta-analyses with a random effects model. Data will be discussed and narratively, and studies that present comparable data will be used in meta-analyses with a random effects model. The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Systematic reviews provide methodology for objective evidence synthesis. The systematic review will provide useful information regarding the role of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and their association with offspring allergy outcomes.