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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

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Revealing the causal relationship between thyroidectomy, thyroid function status, and eczema: a bidirectional

Yulai Yin1, Xiaoyu Zhang2

  • 1Cangzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Cangzhou, 061000, China.

Archives of Dermatological Research
|December 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Thyroidectomy appears to reduce eczema risk, while thyroid function status (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism) does not show a causal link to eczema. Eczema also does not appear to cause thyroid conditions.

Keywords:
EczemaInstrumental variablesMendelian randomizationThyroid functionThyroidectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Endocrinology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Eczema is a common inflammatory skin condition.
  • Thyroid disorders, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, affect numerous individuals.
  • The relationship between thyroidectomy, thyroid function, and eczema requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential bidirectional causal relationships between thyroidectomy, thyroid function status (hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism), and eczema using Mendelian Randomization.
  • To determine if thyroidectomy influences eczema development.
  • To assess if thyroid dysfunction or eczema influences the likelihood of undergoing thyroidectomy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for thyroidectomy, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and eczema.
  • Employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) with inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the primary analysis method.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses and multivariable MR to ensure robustness and adjust for confounding factors like post-thyroidectomy hypothyroidism.

Main Results:

  • Genetically predicted thyroidectomy was associated with a reduced risk of eczema (OR=0.645, P<0.001).
  • Neither genetically predicted hyperthyroidism nor hypothyroidism showed a significant causal association with eczema.
  • Reverse MR analysis indicated no significant causal effect of eczema on thyroidectomy, hyperthyroidism, or hypothyroidism.
  • Multivariable MR confirmed that thyroidectomy reduced eczema risk even after adjusting for hypothyroidism (OR=0.632, P=0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Thyroidectomy demonstrates a protective effect against eczema development.
  • Thyroid function status, independent of thyroidectomy, does not appear to causally influence eczema.
  • Eczema does not exert a significant causal influence on thyroidectomy or thyroid dysfunction.
  • Findings provide evidence supporting a role for thyroidectomy in the mechanisms underlying eczema.