Posterior Spinal Cord Infarction Complicating a Bronchial Arterial Embolization

Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening condition. Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is an effective technique for controlling bleeding in cases of severe hemoptysis, with infrequent complications. While rare, spinal cord infarction is a serious potential complication of BAE. Here, we present a case involving a 28-year-old man with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension who underwent BAE after recurrent severe hemoptysis. Following the procedure, he developed urinary retention and progressive sensory deficits, culminating in significant motor impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed ischemic lesions in the posterior spinal cord, resulting in a diagnosis of iatrogenic spinal cord ischemia. While BAE is an effective therapeutic option for severe hemoptysis, it carries the risk of serious complications, including spinal cord ischemia. This case underscores the potential for iatrogenic spinal cord injury following BAE and highlights the need for increased awareness in high-risk patients.