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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

3.4K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
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Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

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Deciphering Risk of Recurrent Bone Stress Injury in Female Runners Using Serum Proteomics Analysis and Predictive

Genevieve E Romanowicz, Kristin Popp, Ethan Dinh

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |December 16, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Elite athletes face high rates of bone stress injuries (BSIs). This study identified novel protein biomarkers in serum to predict recurrent BSIs in female runners, enabling early intervention.

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    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Biomarkers
    • Proteomics

    Background:

    • Bone stress injuries (BSIs) affect up to 40% of elite athletes, with high reinjury rates.
    • Identifying athletes at risk for subsequent BSIs is crucial for prevention, but complex risk factors pose challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate systemic biomarkers for predicting subsequent bone stress injuries (BSIs) in female runners.
    • To identify early proteomic signatures that can discriminate between runners who experience single versus recurrent BSIs.

    Main Methods:

    • Aptamer-based proteomic technology analyzed 1,500 proteins in serum from female recreational athletes with tibial BSIs.
    • Supervised machine learning and genetic programming analyzed serum protein signatures and clinical metrics over one year.
    • Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) was used to cluster individuals based on protein signatures.

    Main Results:

    • Protein signatures within three weeks of BSI diagnosis achieved 96% accuracy in separating single and recurrent BSI individuals.
    • Candidate biomarkers including fumarylacetoacetase, osteopontin, and trypsin-2 were identified and outperformed clinical metrics.
    • 112 differentially expressed proteins were linked to increased fibrin clot formation and decreased immune signaling in recurrent BSI cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Novel serum protein biomarkers can predict subsequent bone stress injuries in female runners.
    • Findings offer insights into dysregulated protein pathways associated with recurrent BSIs.
    • This research may inform new preventative and therapeutic strategies for athletes.