A Case of Primary Ovarian Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Radiology

Background:

• Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) are malignant neoplasms of neuroectodermal origin.
• Peripheral PNET (pPNET) is an uncommon subtype occurring outside the central nervous system.
• Ovarian pPNET is exceedingly rare and associated with high mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor originating in the ovary.
• To discuss the diagnostic considerations for ovarian pPNET in young women.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a young woman with a pelvic tumor.
• Diagnostic imaging included Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
• Microscopic evaluation and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for MIC2 protein (CD99).

Main Results:

• Imaging revealed a high-grade malignant ovarian tumor.
• Microscopically, the tumor consisted of small, rounded cells in nests and sheets.
• IHC confirmed intense CD99 immunoactivity on the cell membrane of tumor cells.

Conclusions:

• Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of invasive pelvic tumors in young women.
• Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for managing this rare and aggressive ovarian malignancy.