Enhanced Bioactivity of Streptomycin Bioconjugated Metal Nanoparticles Against Streptomycin Resistant Bacillus Sp

The emergence of multidrug resistance in pathogenic organisms has caused growing concern, especially among healthcare providers, necessitating the development of new antimicrobial compounds. Resistance to metal nanoparticles is more challenging for any pathogen and thus paved a new avenue of research to formulate a new line of drugs combined with metal nanoparticles to treat microbial resistance. In this present investigation, green synthesised silver (AgNP), gold (AuNP), and platinum (PtNP) nanoparticles using the rind extract of the fruit of Garcinia mangostana L., were bioconjugated with Streptomycin. Visual colour change in solution was evidenced as the result of bioconjugation process and also significant shift in the UV-Vis spectra was recorded. The antibacterial activity against Streptomycin resistant Bacillus sp., was performed with bare and bioconjugates, AuNP and PtNP did not show any activity whereas their bioconjugates showed 100% activity and MIC was recorded as 0.1067ppm (SAuNP) and 34ppm (SPtNP), SAgNP and AgNP showed antibacterial activity but comparatively higher activity was exhibited by SAgNP. MIC for AgNP and SAgNP was recorded as 0.325 ppm and 0.187 ppm respectively. The results of cell viability test showed that the highest percentage of cell death was recorded with SAuNP treated cells (96%), followed by SPtNP (95.5%), SAgNP (95.4%) and AgNP (92.6%). The hemocompatibility was evaluated using human erythrocytes. No hemolysis was observed with any of the test compounds at their MIC. The results of SEM analysis supported the report as it showed the characteristic biconcave RBC cells with smooth surfaces, strongly suggesting hemocompatibility of the test compounds.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-024-01234-5.