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Isolation and Characterization of the Murine Uterosacral Ligaments and Pelvic Floor Organs
Published on: March 3, 2023
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Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in small-breed dogs: Prevalence, classification, and characteristics
Uhjin Kim1, Jinhwa Chang2, Kwangyong Yoon3
1Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
Summary
Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LTV) occur in 15.6% of small dogs, increasing risks for spinal degeneration and pelvic rotation. This study classified LTV types and confirmed their association with these conditions in small breeds.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Radiology
- Canine Anatomy
- Comparative Orthopedics
Background:
- Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LTV) are congenital vertebral anomalies.
- LTV are linked to cauda equina syndrome, lumbosacral degeneration, and pelvic rotation.
- Limited data exists on LTV prevalence and associated conditions in small-breed dogs.
Purpose of the Study:
- Determine LTV prevalence in small dogs (<10 kg).
- Classify LTV types based on morphology.
- Investigate associations between LTV and lumbosacral/coxofemoral degenerative changes using CT imaging.
Main Methods:
- Multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study.
- Analysis of CT images from 812 small-breed dogs.
- Classification of LTV into four types based on transverse process morphology.
Main Results:
- LTV detected in 15.6% of dogs; higher prevalence in French Bulldogs, Schnauzers, and Dachshunds.
- Type 2 LTV was most common; 36.2% had multiple LTV types.
- LTV associated with increased odds of lumbosacral spondylosis deformans (OR 2.8) and pelvic rotation (OR 6.4).
- Type 4 LTV significantly linked to pelvic rotation (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions:
- This is the first study detailing LTV prevalence and characteristics in small dogs.
- CT imaging is effective for LTV evaluation.
- LTV is a significant risk factor for lumbosacral spondylosis deformans and pelvic rotation in small dogs.
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