N2B27 supports porcine parthenogenetic embryo development by improving redox and mitochondrial function
Dong-Wook Kim1, Juyoung Heo1, Jaehyung Ham1
1Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
Animal Reproduction Science
|April 17, 2026
Summary
The defined N2B27 culture medium significantly improves porcine embryo development compared to fetal bovine serum (FBS). N2B27 reduces oxidative stress and enhances mitochondrial function, leading to better embryo quality for in vitro production.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Porcine embryo production in vitro often uses serum-supplemented media.
- Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is chemically undefined, leading to batch variability.
- Defined media alternatives are needed for consistent results.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the N2B27 defined medium for porcine parthenogenetic embryo development.
- To compare N2B27 with FBS-supplemented media.
- To investigate the effects of N2B27 on oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis.
Main Methods:
- Porcine embryos were parthenogenetically activated and cultured.
- Embryos were transferred to PZM-3, PZM-3 + FBS, or N2B27 media.
- Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial superoxide, membrane potential (ΔΨm), and apoptosis were assessed.
Main Results:
- N2B27 significantly increased blastocyst formation and hatching rates.
- N2B27 reduced intracellular ROS and mitochondrial superoxide levels.
- N2B27 enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and biogenesis markers, with decreased apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- N2B27 is a defined and effective alternative to FBS for porcine embryo culture.
- N2B27 improves embryo development by mitigating oxidative stress and enhancing mitochondrial function.
- This defined medium supports mechanistic studies and applied embryo production.
