Failed rubella immunization in adults: association with immunologic and virological abnormalities
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|February 1, 1985
Summary
Adults failing rubella vaccination showed immune responses despite negative antibody tests. Some individuals also carried the rubella virus, indicating a potential public health concern.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Rubella vaccination failure can occur even after multiple doses.
- Serological markers like hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) may not fully capture immune response to rubella virus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate immunologic and virologic profiles in adults who failed to seroconvert after rubella vaccination.
- To assess the significance of failed rubella immunization in adults.
Main Methods:
- Studied 13 adults with failed rubella seroconversion using HAI, ELISA, SRH, neutralization, and lymphoproliferative assays.
- Rubella virus isolation was attempted using peripheral blood mononuclear cell cocultivation.
Main Results:
- Despite negative HAI tests, 11 of 13 subjects showed evidence of rubella-specific immune sensitization via ELISA, neutralization, SRH, or lymphocyte stimulation.
- Rubella virus was isolated from three participants, suggesting a carrier state.
Conclusions:
- Failed rubella immunization in adults may indicate a more complex immune response than previously understood.
- The presence of rubella virus in vaccinees who failed to seroconvert highlights potential implications for rubella virus transmission and control.
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