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Sensors Network as an Added Value for the Characterization of Spatial and Temporal Air Quality Patterns at the Urban Scale.

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Low-Cost Sensor Network for Air Quality Assessment in Cabo Verde Islands.

Anedito Zico da Costa1,2, José P S Aniceto1, Myriam Lopes2

  • 1CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.

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|December 17, 2024
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Summary

Low-cost sensors reveal air pollution in Cabo Verde exceeds WHO limits, especially in Praia during the dry season due to Saharan dust. This highlights the need for improved monitoring networks.

Keywords:
Cabo VerdeNO2PM10PM2.5air pollutionair qualitylow-cost sensors

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Air quality monitoring is crucial for public health and environmental policy.
  • Cabo Verde faces unique challenges with transboundary air pollution, particularly Saharan dust.
  • Existing monitoring infrastructure may be limited in scope and real-time data provision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of low-cost sensor networks for air quality monitoring in Cabo Verde.
  • To identify spatial and temporal patterns of key air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
  • To assess compliance with World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of Clarity Node-S low-cost sensors across the Cabo Verde archipelago.
  • Calibration of sensors to ensure data accuracy for measuring PM10, PM2.5, and NO2.
  • Analysis of seasonal variations and geographical distribution of pollutant concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Consistent seasonal patterns of dust variation observed across all monitored regions.
  • Particulate matter concentrations frequently exceeded WHO limits in all areas.
  • Praia recorded the highest pollution levels, with daily averages surpassing 200 µg/m³ during the dry season (November-March), attributed to Saharan dust ('Bruma Seca').

Conclusions:

  • Low-cost sensor networks offer a viable solution for extensive, real-time air quality data collection in archipelagic nations.
  • The study underscores the significant impact of Saharan dust on air quality in Cabo Verde.
  • Addressing equipment accuracy variability and expanding geographical coverage are key for future advancements in air quality monitoring.