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Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Substrates Based on Photonic Crystal Embedded Bi-Metallic Nanoparticles

Anis Athirah Abdul Razak1, Liyana Shatar2, Aima Ramli1

  • 1Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.

Applied Spectroscopy
|December 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates for detecting Leptospira DNA. The novel photonic crystal and nanoparticle (PC@AuAg NPs) design enables sensitive, label-free detection of this bacterial pathogen.

Keywords:
Photonic crystalSERSleptospirosisnanoparticlessurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Spectroscopy
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Leptospirosis is a significant zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira bacteria.
  • Accurate and rapid diagnostic methods are crucial for controlling leptospirosis.
  • Current diagnostic techniques may have limitations in sensitivity or speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize novel surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates for detecting Leptospira deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
  • To utilize a photonic crystal embedded with bimetallic nanoparticles (PC@AuAg NPs) for enhanced vibrational spectroscopic analysis.
  • To establish a sensitive and label-free method for identifying the pathogenic LipL32 gene of Leptospira.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of SERS substrates using photonic crystals (PC) integrated with gold and silver nanoparticles (AuAg NPs).
  • Functionalization of AuAg NPs with chemical linkers for specific DNA immobilization and hybridization.
  • Detection of Leptospira DNA via SERS, analyzing vibrational spectroscopic changes upon hybridization with complementary DNA (cDNA).
  • Specificity testing using non-complementary DNA and negative controls.

Main Results:

  • Successful optimization of PC@AuAg NPs substrates for SERS detection of Leptospira DNA.
  • Observation of distinct SERS spectral changes correlating with DNA hybridization.
  • Demonstrated specificity of the SERS method, differentiating between complementary and non-complementary DNA.
  • Significant decrease in SERS intensity after cDNA hybridization due to altered base interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SERS substrate configuration offers a promising platform for sensitive and label-free detection of Leptospira DNA.
  • This approach has the potential to serve as an alternative diagnostic tool for leptospirosis.
  • Further development could lead to rapid point-of-care diagnostics for this important zoonotic disease.