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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
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X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.8K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Beyond Fundamental Building Blocks: Plasticity in Structurally Complex Crystals.

Tobias Stollenwerk1, Pia Carlotta Huckfeldt1, Nisa Zakia Zahra Ulumuddin1

  • 1Institute of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deformation behavior in samarium-cobalt intermetallics is influenced by local bonding, not just crystal structure. Understanding these building blocks helps predict mechanical properties for advanced materials.

Keywords:
Sm–Coatomistic simulationdeformation behaviordensity functional theorymicropillar compressionnanoindentation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Intermetallic compounds often share similar crystal structures, leading to derivative phases.
  • Predicting mechanical behavior in these related phases is crucial for materials development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if deformation behavior transfers from fundamental to structurally related intermetallic phases.
  • To investigate the samarium-cobalt system as a model for this transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Nanoindentation and micropillar compression tests.
  • Atomic-scale modeling using generalized stacking fault energy (GSFE) calculations.
  • Comparative analysis of SmCo2, SmCo5, SmCo3, and Sm2Co17 phases.

Main Results:

  • Elastic properties of complex phases follow a rule of mixtures.
  • Plastic deformation mechanisms are intricate and depend on stacking and bonding.
  • Local bonding environments significantly influence mechanical behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Deformation behavior is not solely determined by crystal structure but by local bonding.
  • Insights into local bonding aid in predicting mechanical properties of related intermetallics.
  • This research provides a framework for designing high-performance intermetallic materials.