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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
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Histology of the Small Intestine01:27

Histology of the Small Intestine

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The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
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Large Intestine01:09

Large Intestine

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The large intestine is divided into three main regions: the cecum, colon, and rectum. Extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, it frames the small intestine on three sides.
The ileocecal sphincter, a mucous membrane fold, guards the opening from the ileum to the large intestine. This valve permits material from the small intestine to pass into the large intestine. Attached to the ileocecal valve is the cecum. This small pouch, approximately 6 cm long, has a twisted, coiled tube known as...
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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Histology of the Large Intestine01:26

Histology of the Large Intestine

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The large intestine, a vital component of the gastrointestinal tract, is structured with four main layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Each layer performs a distinct role in facilitating the smooth functioning of the large intestine.
The innermost mucosa layer comprises simple columnar epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae. This layer is primarily populated with absorptive cells, tasked with water absorption, and goblet cells, responsible for secreting mucus to...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Updated: Jun 4, 2025

Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine
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Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine

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Extremely dilated intestine.

Jin Li1, Xiaoshan Huang1, Jiayu Lin1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen China.

JGH Open : an Open Access Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|December 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe constipation in an elderly woman was diagnosed as sigmoid volvulus. Emergency surgery was crucial for her survival, highlighting the importance of prompt intervention for this condition.

Keywords:
constipationsigmoid torsionsurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Sigmoid volvulus is a rare but serious condition causing intestinal obstruction.
  • Elderly patients with severe constipation are at risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of sigmoid volvulus in an elderly woman.
  • To emphasize the need for timely surgical intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical diagnosis of severe constipation.
  • Imaging studies to confirm sigmoid volvulus.
  • Emergency surgical detorsion and resection.

Main Results:

  • Successful surgical correction of sigmoid volvulus.
  • Patient's life was saved.
  • Resolution of constipation symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Sigmoid volvulus requires urgent surgical management.
  • Prompt diagnosis and intervention are vital for patient outcomes in elderly individuals.